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・ Prokopenko
・ Prokopia
・ Prokopije Čokorilo
・ Prokopios Lazaridis
・ Projective cone
・ Projective connection
・ Projective cover
・ Projective differential geometry
・ Projective frame
・ Projective geometry
・ Projective group (disambiguation)
・ Projective harmonic conjugate
・ Projective hierarchy
・ Projective Hilbert space
・ Projective identification
Projective line
・ Projective line over a ring
・ Projective linear group
・ Projective module
・ Projective object
・ Projective orthogonal group
・ Projective plane
・ Projective polyhedron
・ Projective range
・ Projective representation
・ Projective set (disambiguation)
・ Projective Set (game)
・ Projective space
・ Projective superspace
・ Projective test


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Projective line : ウィキペディア英語版
Projective line

In mathematics, a projective line is, roughly speaking, the extension of a usual line by a point called a ''point at infinity''. The statement and the proof of many theorems of geometry are simplified by the resultant elimination of special cases; for example, two distinct projective lines in a projective plane meet in exactly one point (there is no "parallel" case).
There are many equivalent ways to formally define a projective line; one of the most common is to define a projective line over a field ''K'', commonly denoted P1(''K''), as the set of one-dimensional subspaces of a two-dimensional ''K''-vector space. This definition is a special instance of the general definition of a projective space.
==Homogeneous coordinates==
An arbitrary point in the projective line P1(''K'') may be represented by an equivalence class of ''homogeneous coordinates'', which take the form of a pair
:(: x_2 )
of elements of ''K'' that are not both zero. Two such pairs are equivalent if they differ by an overall nonzero factor ''λ'':
:(: x_2 ) \sim (x_1 : \lambda x_2 ).

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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